What does the term "compromised email account" (CEA) refer to?

The term "compromised email account" refers specifically to an email account that has been accessed by an unauthorized user. This situation typically arises when the credentials of the account, such as a username and password, have been stolen or otherwise obtained by someone who is not the legitimate account owner. Once compromised, an unauthorized user may exploit the account for various malicious purposes, such as sending spam, phishing attempts, or engaging in further identity theft.

Understanding this definition is vital for recognizing potential security vulnerabilities within email systems. Compromised accounts can lead to broader risks, including the distribution of malware and increased susceptibility to data breaches. Consequently, it's essential for organizations to implement strong security measures, such as two-factor authentication (2FA) and employee training on recognizing phishing attempts, to protect against compromised email accounts.

The incorrect options do not align with this definition; improper backups, account monitoring, or the volume of incoming spam do not inherently imply that an account has been accessed maliciously or without authorization.